See generał on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Monasticism",
"orig": "pl:Monasticism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la-med:generalis",
"4": ":influence<conj:and>",
"5": "de:General",
"6": "fr:général<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “generał”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Witold Doroszewski, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958–1969), “generał”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2021), “generał”, in <cite>Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych</cite>, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Dubisz, Stanisław, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2003), “generał”, in <cite>Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Universal Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish), volumes 1–4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, <small>→ISBN</small>, <small>→OCLC</small></span></span>>",
"etydate": "1551<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, <span style=\"cursor:help;border-bottom: 1px dotted currentcolor\" title=\"[[w:pl:Stanisław Rospond (językoznawca)|Stanisław Rospond]], [[w:Witold Taszycki]], [[w:pl:Stefan Hrabec|Stefan Hrabec]], [[w:pl:Władysław Kuraszkiewicz|Władysław Kuraszkiewicz]]\">et al., editors (2010-2023), “jenerał”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Italic *genos\nLatin genus, generis\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nMedieval Latin generalislbor.\n▲\nGerman Generalinflu.\n▲\nFrench généralinflu.\nPolish generał\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"genus, generis\", \"id\" : \"gender\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*genos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"genus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"generalis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"General\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"général\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"generał\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"generał\">\nLearned borrowing from Medieval Latin generalis, influenced by German General and French général. First attested in 1551.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "generôł"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian generôł",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "jednoroł"
},
"expansion": "Silesian jednoroł",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Italic *genos\nLatin genus, generis\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nMedieval Latin generalislbor.\n▲\nGerman Generalinflu.\n▲\nFrench généralinflu.\nPolish generał\nLearned borrowing from Medieval Latin generalis, influenced by German General and French général. First attested in 1551. Compare Kashubian generôł and Silesian jednoroł.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "generalisko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "generalski",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "generał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generałowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generałem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "generałowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"adj": "generalski",
"aug": "generalisko"
},
"expansion": "generał m pers (augmentative generalisko, related adjective generalski)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ge‧ne‧rał"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ge‧ne‧rał"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military ranks",
"orig": "pl:Military ranks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 30 6 4 18 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 12 8 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 10 8 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 10 8 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 9 7 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 26 14 8 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 25 14 11 17 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 9 6 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 24 9 4 14 19",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military ranks",
"orig": "pl:Military ranks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 24 13 25 11 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"general (holder of a senior military title, originally designating the commander of an army)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "oficer"
}
],
"id": "en-generał-pl-noun-k5FlfStN",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"general",
"general"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) general (holder of a senior military title, originally designating the commander of an army)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Roman Catholicism",
"orig": "pl:Roman Catholicism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 28 11 11 16 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 30 6 4 18 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 12 8 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 9 13 15 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 9 14 15 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 10 8 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 10 8 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 9 7 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 26 14 8 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 25 14 11 17 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 9 6 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 50 1 3 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "History of Poland",
"orig": "pl:History of Poland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 52 6 6 14 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 24 13 25 11 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"general, Superior General (head of certain religious orders)"
],
"id": "en-generał-pl-noun--qWhT5xk",
"links": [
[
"Roman Catholicism",
"Roman Catholicism"
],
[
"general",
"general"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Roman Catholicism) general, Superior General (head of certain religious orders)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"Catholicism",
"Christianity",
"Roman-Catholicism"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 27 12 8 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 26 14 8 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 25 14 11 17 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 24 13 25 11 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sejmik of an entire province"
],
"id": "en-generał-pl-noun--8Bnk~Kr",
"links": [
[
"sejmik",
"sejmik"
],
[
"entire",
"entire"
],
[
"province",
"province"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) sejmik of an entire province"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 25 14 11 17 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 24 13 25 11 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"royal official responsible for fiscal, police and judicial administration in a powiat"
],
"id": "en-generał-pl-noun-bOsYXvCj",
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"responsible",
"responsible"
],
[
"fiscal",
"fiscal"
],
[
"police",
"police"
],
[
"judicial",
"judicial"
],
[
"administration",
"administration"
],
[
"powiat",
"powiat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) royal official responsible for fiscal, police and judicial administration in a powiat"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛˈnɛ.raw/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛˈnɛ.rɒɫ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛraw"
}
],
"word": "generał"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Monasticism",
"orig": "pl:Monasticism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generalicja"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generał broni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generał brygady"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generał dywizji"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generał-gubernator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałmarsz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałostwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałowicz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałówna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la-med:generalis",
"4": ":influence<conj:and>",
"5": "de:General",
"6": "fr:général<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “generał”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Witold Doroszewski, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958–1969), “generał”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2021), “generał”, in <cite>Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych</cite>, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Dubisz, Stanisław, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2003), “generał”, in <cite>Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Universal Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish), volumes 1–4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, <small>→ISBN</small>, <small>→OCLC</small></span></span>>",
"etydate": "1551<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, <span style=\"cursor:help;border-bottom: 1px dotted currentcolor\" title=\"[[w:pl:Stanisław Rospond (językoznawca)|Stanisław Rospond]], [[w:Witold Taszycki]], [[w:pl:Stefan Hrabec|Stefan Hrabec]], [[w:pl:Władysław Kuraszkiewicz|Władysław Kuraszkiewicz]]\">et al., editors (2010-2023), “jenerał”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Italic *genos\nLatin genus, generis\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nMedieval Latin generalislbor.\n▲\nGerman Generalinflu.\n▲\nFrench généralinflu.\nPolish generał\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"genus, generis\", \"id\" : \"gender\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*genos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"genus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"generalis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"General\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"général\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"generał\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"generał\">\nLearned borrowing from Medieval Latin generalis, influenced by German General and French général. First attested in 1551.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "generôł"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian generôł",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "jednoroł"
},
"expansion": "Silesian jednoroł",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Italic *genos\nLatin genus, generis\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nMedieval Latin generalislbor.\n▲\nGerman Generalinflu.\n▲\nFrench généralinflu.\nPolish generał\nLearned borrowing from Medieval Latin generalis, influenced by German General and French général. First attested in 1551. Compare Kashubian generôł and Silesian jednoroł.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "generał m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "generał m animacy unattested",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ge‧ne‧rał"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ge‧ne‧rał"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "generalsko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generalat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generalissimus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałgubernatorstwo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 30 6 4 18 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 12 8 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 10 8 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 10 8 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 9 7 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 26 14 8 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 25 14 11 17 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 9 6 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 24 13 25 11 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"judgment of the divine court"
],
"id": "en-generał-pl-noun-wkm670kE",
"links": [
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
],
[
"divine",
"divine"
],
[
"court",
"court"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) judgment of the divine court"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 13 5 6 29 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 30 6 4 18 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 12 8 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 10 8 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 10 8 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 9 7 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 26 14 8 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 7 12 23 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 25 14 11 17 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 9 6 18 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 24 13 25 11 15",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "pl:Occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"main rule"
],
"id": "en-generał-pl-noun-F4p4sr~q",
"links": [
[
"main",
"main"
],
[
"rule",
"rule"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) main rule"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛˈnɛ.raw/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛˈnɛ.rɒɫ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛraw"
}
],
"word": "generał"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish learned borrowings from Medieval Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛraw",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛraw/3 syllables",
"pl:History of Poland",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Military ranks",
"pl:Monasticism",
"pl:Occupations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la-med:generalis",
"4": ":influence<conj:and>",
"5": "de:General",
"6": "fr:général<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “generał”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Witold Doroszewski, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958–1969), “generał”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2021), “generał”, in <cite>Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych</cite>, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Dubisz, Stanisław, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2003), “generał”, in <cite>Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Universal Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish), volumes 1–4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, <small>→ISBN</small>, <small>→OCLC</small></span></span>>",
"etydate": "1551<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, <span style=\"cursor:help;border-bottom: 1px dotted currentcolor\" title=\"[[w:pl:Stanisław Rospond (językoznawca)|Stanisław Rospond]], [[w:Witold Taszycki]], [[w:pl:Stefan Hrabec|Stefan Hrabec]], [[w:pl:Władysław Kuraszkiewicz|Władysław Kuraszkiewicz]]\">et al., editors (2010-2023), “jenerał”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Italic *genos\nLatin genus, generis\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nMedieval Latin generalislbor.\n▲\nGerman Generalinflu.\n▲\nFrench généralinflu.\nPolish generał\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"genus, generis\", \"id\" : \"gender\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*genos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"genus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"generalis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"General\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"général\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"generał\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"generał\">\nLearned borrowing from Medieval Latin generalis, influenced by German General and French général. First attested in 1551.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "generôł"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian generôł",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "jednoroł"
},
"expansion": "Silesian jednoroł",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Italic *genos\nLatin genus, generis\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nMedieval Latin generalislbor.\n▲\nGerman Generalinflu.\n▲\nFrench généralinflu.\nPolish generał\nLearned borrowing from Medieval Latin generalis, influenced by German General and French général. First attested in 1551. Compare Kashubian generôł and Silesian jednoroł.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "generalisko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "generalski",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "generał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generałowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generałem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "generałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "generale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "generałowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"adj": "generalski",
"aug": "generalisko"
},
"expansion": "generał m pers (augmentative generalisko, related adjective generalski)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ge‧ne‧rał"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ge‧ne‧rał"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Military ranks"
],
"glosses": [
"general (holder of a senior military title, originally designating the commander of an army)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "oficer"
}
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"general",
"general"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) general (holder of a senior military title, originally designating the commander of an army)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Roman Catholicism"
],
"glosses": [
"general, Superior General (head of certain religious orders)"
],
"links": [
[
"Roman Catholicism",
"Roman Catholicism"
],
[
"general",
"general"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Roman Catholicism) general, Superior General (head of certain religious orders)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"Catholicism",
"Christianity",
"Roman-Catholicism"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"sejmik of an entire province"
],
"links": [
[
"sejmik",
"sejmik"
],
[
"entire",
"entire"
],
[
"province",
"province"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) sejmik of an entire province"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"royal official responsible for fiscal, police and judicial administration in a powiat"
],
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"responsible",
"responsible"
],
[
"fiscal",
"fiscal"
],
[
"police",
"police"
],
[
"judicial",
"judicial"
],
[
"administration",
"administration"
],
[
"powiat",
"powiat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) royal official responsible for fiscal, police and judicial administration in a powiat"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛˈnɛ.raw/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛˈnɛ.rɒɫ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛraw"
}
],
"word": "generał"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish learned borrowings from Medieval Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛraw",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛraw/3 syllables",
"pl:History of Poland",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Military ranks",
"pl:Monasticism",
"pl:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generalicja"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generał broni"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generał brygady"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generał dywizji"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generał-gubernator"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałmarsz"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałostwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałowa"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałowicz"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałówna"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la-med:generalis",
"4": ":influence<conj:and>",
"5": "de:General",
"6": "fr:général<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “generał”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Witold Doroszewski, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958–1969), “generał”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2021), “generał”, in <cite>Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych</cite>, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Dubisz, Stanisław, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2003), “generał”, in <cite>Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Universal Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish), volumes 1–4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, <small>→ISBN</small>, <small>→OCLC</small></span></span>>",
"etydate": "1551<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, <span style=\"cursor:help;border-bottom: 1px dotted currentcolor\" title=\"[[w:pl:Stanisław Rospond (językoznawca)|Stanisław Rospond]], [[w:Witold Taszycki]], [[w:pl:Stefan Hrabec|Stefan Hrabec]], [[w:pl:Władysław Kuraszkiewicz|Władysław Kuraszkiewicz]]\">et al., editors (2010-2023), “jenerał”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Italic *genos\nLatin genus, generis\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nMedieval Latin generalislbor.\n▲\nGerman Generalinflu.\n▲\nFrench généralinflu.\nPolish generał\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"genus, generis\", \"id\" : \"gender\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"race\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵenh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵénh₁os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*genos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"genus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"generalis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"General\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"général\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"generał\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"generał\">\nLearned borrowing from Medieval Latin generalis, influenced by German General and French général. First attested in 1551.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "generôł"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian generôł",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "jednoroł"
},
"expansion": "Silesian jednoroł",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os\nProto-Italic *genos\nLatin genus, generis\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālis\nMedieval Latin generalislbor.\n▲\nGerman Generalinflu.\n▲\nFrench généralinflu.\nPolish generał\nLearned borrowing from Medieval Latin generalis, influenced by German General and French général. First attested in 1551. Compare Kashubian generôł and Silesian jednoroł.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "generał m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "generał m animacy unattested",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ge‧ne‧rał"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ge‧ne‧rał"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "generalsko"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generalat"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generalissimus"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "generałgubernatorstwo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"judgment of the divine court"
],
"links": [
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
],
[
"divine",
"divine"
],
[
"court",
"court"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) judgment of the divine court"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"main rule"
],
"links": [
[
"main",
"main"
],
[
"rule",
"rule"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) main rule"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛˈnɛ.raw/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛˈnɛ.rɒɫ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛraw"
}
],
"word": "generał"
}
Download raw JSONL data for generał meaning in All languages combined (19.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'generał m animacy unattested' in 'generał m animacy unattested'",
"path": [
"generał"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "generał",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.